Umm....greenmorpher hat geschrieben: Okay, what should be the default settings, the beginning points, in these tools?
Look at the bottom of all your filter dialogs.
See that little button with the left-curved backward pointing arrow in it? Right next to the red arrow to create a working layer instead of just applying the effect to the active layer?
That curved arrow button resets your filters to default program settings. It even says "reset" in the little help popup when you hover over it.